Did you know that Washington, DC, residents couldn't vote in presidential elections until 1961? Or that Montana's state constitution allows the lieutenant governor to step in as acting governor if the governor is absent from office for 45 days? These and other facts decorate Fault Lines in the Constitution as the authors juxtapose the original writing and ratifying of the U.S. Constitution with the troubling effects its clauses still present. The Levinsons create an approachable mix of anecdotes, comparisons with governments from around the world, and a fanciful imagining of the Framers frustratedly yelling and throwing their hands in the air. This tone, plus Shwed's intentionally limited color palette of mostly red, white, blue, black, and gold, calls to mind Schoolhouse Rock animations about the government, though this can occasionally lead to characters based on real people being tricky to identify. The report card at the end may be controversial, but the recommended reading list and inclusion of liberal and conservative objections make for a fair case about the need to examine and update this founding document.

A thorough examination of the Constitution, its promises and problems, in the form of a graphic novel.The latest entry in the publisher's World Citizen Comics series isn't a patriotic celebration but rather an engagingly readable and well-researched analysis of how the Constitution came about and what its decisions and compromises have meant for the U.S. ever since. Featuring text by the Levinsons, who collaborated on a children's title of the same name in 2017, and illustrations by cartoonist Shwed, the book offers a "report card" for the Constitution, giving it a C overall (it fares better on defense and poorer on promoting the general welfare). If the Constitution aims to form "a more perfect union," we might well need a more perfect document. This could be accomplished via a considerable revision of a document that has proven singularly difficult to amend or through the calling of a new Constitutional Convention, all in the effort to deal with issues that the framers couldn't have foreseen in 1787 or problems that were inherent flaws in the original compromise at a time when the country seemed less like a truly united country and more like a confederation of independent states, to which citizens owed their first allegiance. Fears that more populous states would exert their will over smaller ones have resulted in processes that the authors suggest are undemocratic, including the Electoral College, the makeup of the Senate, the filibuster, gerrymandering, and all sorts of political finagling that runs counter to the wishes of the majority. They provide numerous examples of how issues we face now are the result of decisions made by the framers when the concerns were very different. Perhaps a better Constitution would inspire a better country.A provocative illumination of the nooks and crannies of a document that citizens have come to take for granted.

This jaunty graphic adaptation of the Levinsons- 2017 youth guide to -the framers, their fights, and the flaws that affect us today- highlights the enduring problem points in the foundational document of the United States. Each chapter opens with real-life dilemmas that, according to the authors, stemmed from -crises we-ve faced since 1787 the limitations, ambiguities, and flatly bad ideas in the Constitution.- The work is at its strongest in these personalized anecdotes, such as an elderly woman disenfranchised by voter ID laws and an undocumented immigrant-s fight for legal status, but focus gets lost as 21 chapters race to cram in examples of how the Constitution impacts contemporary America in matter ranging from gerrymandering to farm subsidies. Shwed-s crisp layouts and cute character design manage to make the information overload more digestible, while Gerardo Alba-s red-white-and-blue color palette provides even the driest topics some pop. The Levinsons can be credited with a mountain of research and noble aims. But while it may appeal to students eager to avoid a standard textbook slog, the combination of dense text and rambling focus proves less accessible than the comics treatment promises. All the elements for a timely resource are here, but the result feels a touch underbaked. (Sept.)